To understand
SEO you need to be aware of the architecture of search engines.
They all contain the following main components:
Spider - a
browser-like program that downloads web pages.
Crawler – a
program that automatically follows all of the links on each web
page.
Indexer - a program that analyzes web pages downloaded by
the spider and the crawler.
Database– storage for downloaded
and processed pages.
Results engine – extracts search results
from the database.
Web server – a server that is responsible
for interaction between the user and other search engine components.
Specific implementations of search mechanisms may differ. For
example, the Spider+Crawler+Indexer component group might be implemented as a
single program that downloads web pages, analyzes them and then uses their links
to find new resources. However, the components listed are inherent to all search
engines and the seo principles are the same.
Spider. This
program downloads web pages just like a web browser. The difference is that a
browser displays the information presented on each page (text, graphics, etc.)
while a spider does not have any visual components and works directly with the
underlying HTML code of the page. You may already know that there is an option
in standard web browsers to view source HTML code.
Crawler.
This program finds all links on each page. Its task is to determine where the
spider should go either by evaluating the links or according to a predefined
list of addresses. The crawler follows these links and tries to find documents
not already known to the search engine.
Indexer. This
component parses each page and analyzes the various elements, such as text,
headers, structural or stylistic features, special HTML tags,
etc.
Database. This is the storage area for the data that the
search engine downloads and analyzes. Sometimes it is called the index of the
search engine.
Results Engine. The results engine
ranks
pages. It determines which pages best match a user's query and in what order the
pages should be listed. This is done according to the ranking algorithms of the
search engine. It follows that page rank is a valuable and interesting property
and any seo specialist is most interested in it when trying to improve his site
search results. In this article, we will discuss the seo factors that influence
page rank in some detail.
Web server. The search engine web
server usually contains a HTML page with an input field where the user can
specify the search query he or she is interested in. The web server is also
responsible for displaying search results to the user in the form of an HTML
page.
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